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Quick links to Sport England's land use planning guidance and tools. Quick links to Sport England's facility design and cost guidance. Quick links to Sport England's strategy, funding, research and news. Private Clifford Spurr Corporal Henry John Springett Lieutenant Ronald Henry Spinney.
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Major Samuel Boyd Quibell. Lance Corporal Pincott Corporal James Pickering Private Aungier Ernest Peacocke Private Arthur John Parsons Serjeant John Yates Ogley Corporal Peter O'brien Private Percy Douglas Nicholls Captain Arthur Victor Newton. Serjeant Frederick Cecil Newall Private Arnold Kime Needham Private Harold Naylor Lance Serjeant Murrell Lieutenant William Cattell Morton. Lance Corporal Morrison Major Edward Marie Felix Momber.
Second Lieutenant Robert Philips Greg. Lieutenant Colonel Martin. Company Quartermaster Serjeant Mann Captain Charles Kenneth Mckerrow. Private Evan Llewellyn Mackenzie Captain Alwyne Travers Loyd. Serjeant Percival Thomas Lloyd Second Lieutenant James Clifford Lee. Private Duncan Laing Private John Kirkham Second Lieutenant Arthur Theodore Keeble. Lance Serjeant Cecil William Kay Lance Corporal Samuel Jones Second Lieutenant Harold Jameson.
Private Robert Isle Private John Hughes Private Albert William Hughes Lance Corporal Albert Ernest Horsman Private James Horne Lieutenant Colonel Robert Horn. Captain Ralph William Homan. Second Lieutenant Roger Paul Hepburn. Serjeant Ernest Robert Helson Private William George Hart Lance Corporal Harold Harrison Rifleman Ernest Harrison Private Hugh Havelock Harding Captain John Hutchison Gulliland.
Corporal Walter Groom Second Lieutenant Denys Edward Greenhow. Private William Greenhalgh Private Arthur William Greagsbey Major Henry Gorell Barnes. Brigadier General Robert Clements Gore. Brigadier General Alister Fraser Gordon.
Private George Henry Goddard Second Lieutenant Frederick James Gatward. Private Henry Ferguson Garnham Private Orlando Cyril Garnett Private Granville Furnival Private James Funnell Second Lieutenant Forbes. Brigadier General Hugh Gregory Fitton. Gunner Thomas Dryden Ferguson Private Albert George Efemey Lance Corporal George Edmett Lieutenant William Stanley Eames. Bombardier Thomas Gorton Gunner Richard Evans Private James Leightonhouse Davison Second Lieutenant Alexander Edward Croockewit.
Major 2Nd Baron Gorell. Private Harold Dunn Private Harold William Dore Private John Henry Culling Private Walter Coward Corporal William Calvert Private Andrew Byrne Serjeant Henry Lewis Burt Gunner William James Brooks Second Lieutenant Robert Fredrick Bolton.
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Gunner Charles Norman Young Lieutenant Henry Richard Thomson. Lance Corporal John Munroe Private Frederick Dunn Gunner Walter Everald Barber Lieutenant Robert Mcneil Crawford Mckenzie.
Corporal Herbert Waite Brooke Private Harold Wood Private James Thomas Weed Second Lieutenant James Norman Watson. Lance Corporal Walters Second Lieutenant Bernard Tootell. Lieutenant Horace Murray Tollemache. Serjeant Alfred James Tedder Captain Leonard Herbert Sweet. Second Lieutenant James Anderson Stephen. Driver Arthur George Smith Second Lieutenant Simpson.
Corporal William Henry Rees Lance Corporal Read Private James Platts Private Joseph Wilkinson Pickles Second Lieutenant Douglas St. George Pettigrew. Private George Perry Second Lieutenant Stanley James Peatfield. Lance Corporal Osborne Private Thomas Norris Private Joseph Edwin Newton Private Thomas Newsham Captain Philip Henry Milward. Private Albert John Merhoff Bombardier Arthur Edward Meek Lieutenant James Francis Marsland.
Private Fredrick George Marshall Lieutenant William James Mclean. Lieutenant Colonel Edward Bourryau Luard. Serjeant Herbert Law Gunner William Johnson Private Dewi Elwyn John Bombardier James John Hutt Trooper George Neaverson Hoyland Private John Henry Hoult Lance Corporal Hodges Corporal George Hinchliffe Private William Henry Hall Lieutenant Frank Green. Gunner Thomas Henry Gawen Second Lieutenant Percival Claude Felts. Private Herbert Alexander Edwards Second Lieutenant Frank Goodair Edge.
Gunner Reginald Earl Private Richard Dollery Private Joseph William Dearden Private Thomas Davis Private William Davies Private Henry Tudor Davies Private Fred William Dampier Rifleman Cullingford Rifleman Stanley Howard Crowle Corporal Richard John Crawford Private George Herbert Cox Battery Serjeant Major George Cowper Sapper Percy Harold Comley Rifleman William Comber Private John Francis Cheesewright Private Oscar Marsden Chatterley Lance Corporal Carver Private William Thomas Burton Private Francis Isaac Burnett Corporal Joseph Cecil Budd Private Harold Buckley Gunner William Richard Bryant Gunner Thomas Christopher Brockbank Rifleman Charles Lawrence Breary Private John Blease Rifleman Frank Arthur Blanks Rifleman Morris Birnbaum Private Arthur Birkby Rifleman Benjamin Bates Corporal Harold Bales Captain Frederick Graeme Avery.
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Labourer Yao Hsieh K'uei Labourer Wei Jung Chen Labourer Wei Ch'ang Yung Labourer Wang Yung Fa Labourer Wang Tzu Ch'eng Labourer Wang Hui Lan Labourer Wang Ch'ing Hu Labourer Ts'ui Hung Sheng Labourer Sung Shou Yuan Labourer P'ang Yun Shui Labourer P'an Chen Fang Labourer Ma Kuang Sheng Labourer Ma Chiu Ling Labourer Lu Yu Lan Labourer Liu Yung Ch'ing Labourer Li Tai Jen Labourer Kuo Chin Men Labourer Kuan Shao Lin Labourer Kao Ch'ing Lin Labourer Hsu Lao Han Labourer Hsu Hsing Tao Labourer Han Yen Ch'eng Labourer Feng Kuang Jung Labourer Ch'ou Hung Hsiang Labourer Ch'i Yu Lung Labourer Ch'en Hung Liang Labourer Ch'en Hung Hsin Labourer Ch'en Pao Sheng Labourer Chao Shao Wu Labourer Chao Chen Feng Labourer Chang T'ung Sheng Labourer Chang Pao K'un Labourer Chang Hua Ch'en Labourer Chang Chia Hsiang Labourer Chang Ch'eng Hsiang It is possible for a contract to be formed merely by behavior, such as accepting delivery of goods from another merchant.
There are other elements, such as the capacity legal capability to enter into a contract, that are usually met in the commercial contract setting and are therefore of less significance here. According to most U. One of the key justifications for including an email contract disclaimer is to prevent the other party from thinking that your email constitutes an offer to form a contract or acceptance of a contract.
A disclaimer can be effective in communicating that the full contract will not be established without further steps by each party, such as memorializing the agreement in a formal contract or negotiating final terms. An Eleventh Circuit decision in relied on an email disclaimer — which said, in effect, that offers in email communications were subject to approval and were not final — to deny a claim for breach of contract. Granted, this is one case in one jurisdiction, although it raises some important points for consideration by those who typically exchange terms that could constitute an offer or acceptance of a contract via email.
The takeaway from this decision is that an email disclaimer could be effective in preventing another party from relying on the email for a contract. That said, another court in another jurisdiction might reach a different outcome, especially when the explicit terms of the body of the contract seemingly override the disclaimer. Although an email footer disclaiming the formation of a contract may not prove effective in every court, it has value — after all, it may be accepted by a court.
However, you could abbreviate the language of the disclaimer even further as well as capitalize it to further the argument that the other party had constructive notice of the disclaimer. Doing that, the language might look something like the following:. With regard to contract formation issues, including an email disclaimer is a decent way to prevent the formation of a contract.
It may nevertheless be insufficient on its own to defeat a claim based on the existence of a contract, so make your intent clear in emails that contain contract terms. Here again, selective use of the disclaimer will be of much greater value than automatically including this language on every single outbound email.
The contents of this email may be protected by copyright law. Any authorized use or disclosure of its contents is strictly prohibited. This means most emails are subject to copyright protection.
Copyright protection arises by law when the work is created. Accordingly, an email with sufficient originality is automatically copyrighted when written. And, the author of a copyrighted work has the exclusive right to copy and distribute that work and to authorize others to copy or to distribute the work.
Since emails are automatically copyrighted if the contents of the email meet the requirements of copyright law, this disclaimer rarely makes any substantive change to the default position of the parties there are unique situations where the sender of an email is deemed to provide an implied license to the recipient and a disclaimer might help.
Instead, this type of email disclaimer serves to give the recipient notice that the copyright exists. In this way, the value of this disclaimer, as with the confidentiality disclaimer discussed above, is that it may offer some deterrent effect. You should check this email and any attachments for the presence of viruses. Our company accepts no liability for any damage caused by any virus transmitted by this email. E-mail transmission cannot be guaranteed to be secure or error-free.
Information could be intercepted, corrupted, lost, destroyed, arrive late or incomplete, or contain viruses. Accordingly, the sender does not accept liability for any errors or omissions in the contents of this message that arise as a result of e-mail transmission.
The sender hopes that in providing the recipient with notice of the potential threat of viruses, the sender will avoid any liability for their transmission of a virus. Regardless, good luck trying to enforce a unilateral disclaimer if you do actually send a virus to someone and it causes damage to their computer or network.
This email disclaimer will not help you in court. To confirm my thinking, I did a quick search of U. Yes, maybe the issue has never been raised in court. My money is on courts ignoring these email disclaimers. Drop this email footer. Our company accepts no liability for the content of this email, or for the consequences of any actions taken on the basis of the information provided, unless that information is separately confirmed in writing.
If you are not the intended recipient, be aware that disclosing, copying, distributing or taking any action in reliance on the contents of this information is prohibited. This email footer attempts to disclaim any damages that the recipient or an unintended recipient may incur as a result of a negligent misstatement contained in the message. In other words, if the sender acts negligently by failing to take proper care in instructing the recipient, the company does not want to be held responsible.
A person is obliged to take care when giving advice that a third party might rely upon. If an employee were to give professional advice in an email, the organization could be liable for the effect of the advice that the recipient, or even a third party, reasonably relies upon.
The same thing holds true in the case of a professional giving advice through email — they are responsible if the recipient justifiably relies upon the advice by acting or not acting in a certain way assuming the advice was not good and something went wrong when the person applied the advice.
This email disclaimer will not reduce a professional duty of care. Courts will apply a practical lens to this type of situation and determine if the recipient justifiable relied on the advice.
A court is likely to ignore a standard email disclaimer. Instead, senders should selectively inform recipients when they should not rely upon information in an email. This is best done on a case by case basis, not with a standard email footer disclaimer.
Any views or opinions presented in this email are solely those of the author and do not necessarily represent those of our company. Employees of our company are instructed not to make defamatory statements and not to infringe or authorize any infringement of copyright or any other legal right by email communications.
Any such communication is contrary to company policy and outside the scope of employment with our company. We will not accept any liability in respect of such communication, and the employee responsible will be personally liable for any damages or other liability arising therefrom. As a business attorney, I see this one used a lot, including by companies in my home state of Texas.
For the same reasons other disclaimers we discussed above often fall short — they are overused rather than specifically used — this type of disclaimer will fail to accomplish the job.
A clear and thorough employee manual and a robust employee training program are far, far more effective tools for a company to minimize risk from employee misconduct. Some companies feel that email disclaimers lend an air of professionalism to email communications.
If you agree, then use an email disclaimer. In Romero v. That was a family court case, by the way — how sad. The email disclaimer was not effective in that case. While not a legal reason, some companies include a line at the bottom of all their emails asking the recipient to consider the environment before printing an email. For example:. If an environmentally conscious disclaimer strikes your fancy, go for it. I doubt it saves a whole lot of trees someone inclined to print an email will likely print the email anyway and, where someone prints an email anyway, the disclaimer adds another line or two to the printout.
These tend to be licensed professions, such as being a registered investment advisor or tax advisor. Finally, you might consider including a sentence or two at the bottom of your emails asking the recipient to delete the email if they receive it in error.
While this will not purge the email entirely, it may convince a judge or jury that your company cares about its duties and liability.
For starters, there is time and cost involved in creating and implementing email disclaimers. Most disclaimers are installed by IT departments and the language for the disclaimers is vetted by multiple departments in a company e.
This is a use of internal resources, which are almost always scarce. Far and away the largest cost of standard email disclaimers is that they undermine selective use. Employees are apt to assume that the disclaimers are enforceable when they may not be and you may lose an opportunity for the employee to selectively use a conspicuous disclaimer that would be enforceable.
As discussed above, they have some limited value in certain contexts.
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